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- 前面几天发了几篇JPPD文章,今天就来演示一下客户现场遇到真实案例的模拟,这个在客户现场优化SQL时遇到连接谓词推入不成功的案例,由于但是客户正式环境不允许操作,有没有测试环境,没有办法测试,下面是在自己的虚拟机里面演示一下,优化后能带来的性能提升。
复制代码 1,环境介绍
本次实验是基于11.2.0.4环境,其它环境在默认情况下可能结果会不一致。- www.htz.pw > select * from v$version where rownum<4;
- BANNER
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
- www.htz.pw > !lsb_release -a
- Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 8)
复制代码 2,参数配置
下面参数都为默认情况下的配置- SELECT a.ksppinm AS parameter,"> 2 b.ksppstvl AS session_value,
- 3 c.ksppstvl AS instance_value,
- 4 a.ksppdesc AS description
- 5 FROM x$ksppi a,
- 6 x$ksppcv b,
- 7 x$ksppsv c
- 8 WHERE a.indx = b.indx
- 9 AND a.indx = c.indx
- 10 AND a.ksppinm LIKE '/_%' ESCAPE '/'
- 11 AND (a.ksppinm in ('_push_join_predicate','_optimizer_push_pred_cost_based','_optimizer_extend_jppd_view_types'))
- 12 ORDER BY a.ksppinm
- 13 /
- PARAMETER S_VALUE D_VALUE DESCRIPTION
- ----------------------------------- ------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
- _optimizer_extend_jppd_view_types TRUE TRUE join pred pushdown on group-by, distinct, semi-/anti-joined view
- _optimizer_push_pred_cost_based TRUE TRUE use cost-based query transformation for push pred optimization
- _push_join_predicate TRUE TRUE enable pushing join predicate inside a view
复制代码 3,创建测试表
这里都是基于dba_objects视图创建的。- www.htz.pw > create table scott.htz1 as select * from dba_objects;
- www.htz.pw > create table scott.htz2 as select * from dba_objects;
- www.htz.pw > create table scott.htz3 as select * from dba_objects;
复制代码 4,语句一测试
下面这个SQL还回是0行,其实出view,SQL本来也就是还回0行,这个还回的行数直接影响到我们的测试结果。- FROM scott.htz1 a,
- scott.htz2 b,
- ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- FROM scott.htz3 c
- WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- GROUP BY owner) d
- WHERE a.owner = b.owner
- AND a.object_id > b.object_id
- AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1
- AND a.owner = d.owner;
复制代码 4.1 默认情况
- FROM scott.htz1 a,
- scott.htz2 b,
- ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- FROM scott.htz3 c
- WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- GROUP BY owner) d
- WHERE a.owner = b.owner
- AND a.object_id > b.object_id
- AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1
- AND a.owner = d.owner;no rows selectedExecution Plan----------------------------------------------------------Plan hash value: 2675592091-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 42M| 17G| | 1447 (9)| 00:00:18 ||* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 42M| 17G| 2408K| 1447 (9)| 00:00:18 ||* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 5771 | 2333K| | 692 (1)| 00:00:09 ||* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 14 | 2898 | | 346 (1)| 00:00:05 || 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 99677 | 19M| | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 || 5 | VIEW | | 88109 | 2581K| | 348 (2)| 00:00:05 || 6 | HASH GROUP BY | | 88109 | 2581K| | 348 (2)| 00:00:05 ||* 7 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| HTZ3 | 88109 | 2581K| | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):--------------------------------------------------- 1 - access("A"."OWNER"="D"."OWNER") 2 - access("A"."OWNER"="B"."OWNER") filter("A"."OBJECT_ID">"B"."OBJECT_ID") 3 - filter("B"."CREATED">SYSDATE@!-1) 7 - filter("C"."OBJECT_ID">1000)Note----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)Statistics---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 2480 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 2554 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 512 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 1 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 0 rows processed
复制代码 这里看到整个SQL逻辑读是2480,也消耗了TEMPSPC为2408K.
4.2 强制连接列谓词推入
- SELECT /*+ push_pred(d)*/"> 2 *
- 3 FROM scott.htz1 a,
- 4 scott.htz2 b,
- 5 ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- 6 FROM scott.htz3 c
- 7 WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- 8 GROUP BY owner) d
- 9 WHERE a.owner = b.owner
- 10 AND a.object_id > b.object_id
- 11 AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1
- 12 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- no rows selected
- Execution Plan
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- Plan hash value: 1009835727
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 42M| 16G| 1990K (1)| 06:38:11 |
- | 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | 42M| 16G| 1990K (1)| 06:38:11 |
- |* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 5771 | 2333K| 692 (1)| 00:00:09 |
- |* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 14 | 2898 | 346 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- | 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 99677 | 19M| 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- | 5 | VIEW PUSHED PREDICATE | | 1 | 13 | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- |* 6 | FILTER | | | | | |
- | 7 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 30 | | |
- |* 8 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ3 | 881 | 26430 | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
- ---------------------------------------------------
- 2 - access("A"."OWNER"="B"."OWNER")
- filter("A"."OBJECT_ID">"B"."OBJECT_ID")
- 3 - filter("B"."CREATED">SYSDATE@!-1)
- 6 - filter(COUNT(*)>0)
- 8 - filter("OWNER"="A"."OWNER" AND "C"."OBJECT_ID">1000)
- Note
- -----
- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
- Statistics
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- 0 recursive calls
- 0 db block gets
- 2480 consistent gets
- 0 physical reads
- 0 redo size
- 2554 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
- 512 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
- 1 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
- 0 sorts (memory)
- 0 sorts (disk)
- 0 rows processed
复制代码 这里消耗的逻辑读也是2480,但是tempspc为0.但是这里ORACLE自己估算出来谓词推入成本更高。
4.3 连接列创建索引
- SELECT /*+ push_pred(d)*/"> 2 *
- 3 FROM scott.htz1 a,
- 4 scott.htz2 b,
- 5 ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- 6 FROM scott.htz3 c
- 7 WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- 8 GROUP BY owner) d
- 9 WHERE a.owner = b.owner
- 10 AND a.object_id > b.object_id
- 11 AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1
- 12 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- no rows selected
- Execution Plan
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- Plan hash value: 3435586372
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 42M| 16G| 104K (1)| 00:20:56 |
- | 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | 42M| 16G| 104K (1)| 00:20:56 |
- |* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 5771 | 2333K| 692 (1)| 00:00:09 |
- |* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 14 | 2898 | 346 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- | 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 99677 | 19M| 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- | 5 | VIEW PUSHED PREDICATE | | 1 | 13 | 18 (0)| 00:00:01 |
- |* 6 | FILTER | | | | | |
- | 7 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 30 | | |
- |* 8 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| HTZ3 | 881 | 26430 | 18 (0)| 00:00:01 |
- |* 9 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IND_HTZ3_1 | 352 | | 8 (0)| 00:00:01 |
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
- ---------------------------------------------------
- 2 - access("A"."OWNER"="B"."OWNER")
- filter("A"."OBJECT_ID">"B"."OBJECT_ID")
- 3 - filter("B"."CREATED">SYSDATE@!-1)
- 6 - filter(COUNT(*)>0)
- 8 - filter("C"."OBJECT_ID">1000)
- 9 - access("OWNER"="A"."OWNER")
- Note
- -----
- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
- Statistics
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- 0 recursive calls
- 0 db block gets
- 2480 consistent gets
- 0 physical reads
- 0 redo size
- 2554 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
- 512 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
- 1 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
- 0 sorts (memory)
- 0 sorts (disk)
- 0 rows processed
复制代码 这里可以看到,逻辑读变,但是ORACLE的估算成本在这里下将了。
4.4 总结
上面结果是SQL不包括视图时执行还回的结果为0,几种方式的逻辑读基本没有发生变化。
5,语句二测试
下面这个SQL是有结果集还回的- FROM scott.htz1 a,
- scott.htz2 b,
- ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- FROM scott.htz3 c
- WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- GROUP BY owner) d
- WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- 18 rows selected.
复制代码 可以看到还回了18行记录
5.1 默认情况
- FROM scott.htz1 a,
- scott.htz2 b,
- ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- FROM scott.htz3 c
- WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- GROUP BY owner) d
- WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- 18 rows selected.Elapsed: 00:00:00.05Execution Plan----------------------------------------------------------Plan hash value: 1337491101-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 847M| 350G| | 5837 (40)| 00:01:11 ||* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 847M| 350G| 3616K| 5837 (40)| 00:01:11 || 2 | VIEW | | 88109 | 2581K| | 348 (2)| 00:00:05 || 3 | HASH GROUP BY | | 88109 | 2581K| | 348 (2)| 00:00:05 ||* 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| HTZ3 | 88109 | 2581K| | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 ||* 5 | HASH JOIN | | 115K| 45M| | 692 (1)| 00:00:09 ||* 6 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 14 | 2898 | | 346 (1)| 00:00:05 || 7 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 99677 | 19M| | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):--------------------------------------------------- 1 - access("A"."OWNER"="D"."OWNER") 4 - filter("C"."OBJECT_ID">1000) 5 - access("A"."OWNER"="B"."OWNER") 6 - filter("B"."CREATED">SYSDATE@!-1)Note----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)Statistics---------------------------------------------------------- 28 recursive calls 0 db block gets 4385 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 4536 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 534 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 7 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 18 rows processed
复制代码 这里看到SQL的逻辑读是4385,TEMP消耗3616.
5.2 连接列创建索引
www.htz.pw > create index scott.ind_htz3_1 on scott.htz3(owner);
Index created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.08
www.htz.pw > SELECT *
2 FROM scott.htz1 a,
3 scott.htz2 b,
4 ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
5 FROM scott.htz3 c
6 WHERE c.object_id > 1000
7 GROUP BY owner) d
8 WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner;
18 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
Execution Plan
Plan hash value: 3445613030
ç
这里看到逻辑读降到3719,COST也降到1095了。
5.3 强制谓词推入
- SELECT /*+ push_pred(d)*/"> 2 *
- 3 FROM scott.htz1 a,
- 4 scott.htz2 b,
- 5 ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- 6 FROM scott.htz3 c
- 7 WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- 8 GROUP BY owner) d
- 9 WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- FROM scott.htz1 a,
- *
- ERROR at line 3:
- ORA-01013: user requested cancel of current operation
- Elapsed: 00:05:19.68
复制代码 运行很久没有结果- @sql_monitor_by_sqlid.sql">Enter value for sqlid: fkkvkv27pgqbx
- SQL Monitoring Report
- SQL Text
- ------------------------------
- SELECT /*+ push_pred(d)*/ * FROM scott.htz1 a, scott.htz2 b, ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner FROM scott.htz3 c WHERE c.object_id > 1000 GROUP BY owner) d WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDAT
- E - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner
- Global Information
- ------------------------------
- Status : EXECUTING
- Instance ID : 1
- Session : SYS (26:7)
- SQL ID : fkkvkv27pgqbx
- SQL Execution ID : 16777218
- Execution Started : 04/20/2015 22:06:30
- First Refresh Time : 04/20/2015 22:06:36
- Last Refresh Time : 04/20/2015 22:08:19
- Duration : 110s
- Module/Action : sqlplus@orcl9i (TNS V1-V3)/-
- Service : SYS$USERS
- Program : sqlplus@orcl9i (TNS V1-V3)
- Global Stats
- ===================================================================
- | Elapsed | Cpu | IO | Other | Buffer | Read | Read |
- | Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Gets | Reqs | Bytes |
- ===================================================================
- | 108 | 108 | 0.00 | 0.51 | 14M | 2 | 49152 |
- ===================================================================
- SQL Plan Monitoring Details (Plan Hash Value=258155078)
- ======================================================================================================================================================================
- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Cost | Time | Start | Execs | Rows | Read | Read | Mem | Activity | Activity Detail |
- | | | | (Estim) | | Active(s) | Active | | (Actual) | Reqs | Bytes | | (%) | (# samples) |
- ======================================================================================================================================================================
- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | |
- | 1 | MERGE JOIN | | 20M | 10M | | | 1 | | | | | | |
- | -> 2 | SORT JOIN | | 702K | 10M | 104 | +6 | 1 | 0 | | | 2M | | |
- | -> 3 | NESTED LOOPS | | 702K | 10M | 104 | +6 | 1 | 14028 | | | | | |
- | -> 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 86448 | 345 | 104 | +6 | 1 | 14028 | | | | | |
- | -> 5 | VIEW PUSHED PREDICATE | | 1 | 110 | 104 | +6 | 14029 | 14028 | | | | | |
- | -> 6 | FILTER | | | | 104 | +6 | 14029 | 14028 | | | | | |
- | 7 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | | 104 | +6 | 14029 | 14028 | | | | 1.82 | Cpu (2) |
- | 8 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | HTZ3 | 3716 | 110 | 109 | +1 | 14029 | 470M | | | | 69.09 | Cpu (76) |
- | -> 9 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IND_HTZ3_1 | 3759 | 9 | 105 | +6 | 14029 | 480M | 2 | 49152 | | 29.09 | Cpu (32) |
- | 10 | SORT JOIN | | 80 | 347 | | | | | | | | | |
- | 11 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 80 | 346 | | | | | | | | | |
- ======================================================================================================================================================================
复制代码 这里可以看到SQL的表间接顺序走错了,我们希望的是a,b做HASH,结果集与D走NL的方式这里看到逻辑读下降到2543,但是消耗了temspc空间,cost也是很多的。
其实VIEW中条件越多,创建组合索引效果会更好- create index scott.ind_htz3_2 on scott.htz3(owner,object_id);">
- Index created.
- Elapsed: 00:00:00.10
- SELECT /*+ leading(a b d) SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS(a) no_swap_join_inputs(d) use_hash(a b d) push_pred(d)*/
- 2 *
- 3 FROM scott.htz1 a,
- 4 scott.htz2 b,
- 5 ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- 6 FROM scott.htz3 c
- 7 WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- 8 GROUP BY owner) d
- 9 WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- 18 rows selected.
- Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
- Execution Plan
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- Plan hash value: 1875749008
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 19M| 3953M| | 29M (1)| 97:53:05 |
- | 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | 19M| 3953M| | 29M (1)| 97:53:05 |
- |* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 2442K| 456M| 9288K| 1149 (1)| 00:00:14 |
- | 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 86448 | 8273K| | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- |* 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 80 | 7840 | | 346 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- | 5 | VIEW PUSHED PREDICATE | | 1 | 13 | | 12 (0)| 00:00:01 |
- |* 6 | FILTER | | | | | | |
- | 7 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 11 | | | |
- |* 8 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IND_HTZ3_2 | 3716 | 40876 | | 12 (0)| 00:00:01 |
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
- ---------------------------------------------------
- 2 - access("A"."OWNER"="B"."OWNER")
- 4 - filter("B"."CREATED">SYSDATE@!-1)
- 6 - filter(COUNT(*)>0)
- 8 - access("OWNER"="A"."OWNER" AND "C"."OBJECT_ID">1000 AND "C"."OBJECT_ID" IS NOT
- NULL)
- Statistics
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- 0 recursive calls
- 0 db block gets
- 2489 consistent gets 这里减少了54个BLOCK基本就是一下回表的操作
- 0 physical reads
- 0 redo size
- 4047 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
- 534 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
- 3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
- 0 sorts (memory)
- 0 sorts (disk)
- 18 rows processed
复制代码 6,禁用推入
- alter system set "_optimizer_extend_jppd_view_types"=false;">
- System altered.
- Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
复制代码 禁用_optimizer_extend_jppd_view_types参数,这里可以看到走HASH,消耗大量TEMPSPC- *
- 3 FROM scott.htz1 a,
- 4 scott.htz2 b,
- 5 ( SELECT COUNT (*) COUNT, owner
- 6 FROM scott.htz3 c
- 7 WHERE c.object_id > 1000
- 8 GROUP BY owner) d
- 9 WHERE a.owner = b.owner AND b.CREATED > SYSDATE - 1 AND a.owner = d.owner;
- 18 rows selected.
- Elapsed: 00:00:00.06
- Execution Plan
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- Plan hash value: 2571011931
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 19M| 4274M| | 25302 (1)| 00:05:04 |
- |* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 19M| 4274M| 484M| 25302 (1)| 00:05:04 |
- |* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 2442K| 456M| 9288K| 1149 (1)| 00:00:14 |
- | 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ1 | 86448 | 8273K| | 345 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- |* 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | HTZ2 | 80 | 7840 | | 346 (1)| 00:00:05 |
- | 5 | VIEW | | 23 | 690 | | 75 (4)| 00:00:01 |
- | 6 | HASH GROUP BY | | 23 | 253 | | 75 (4)| 00:00:01 |
- |* 7 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| IND_HTZ3_2 | 85470 | 918K| | 72 (0)| 00:00:01 |
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
- ---------------------------------------------------
- 1 - access("A"."OWNER"="D"."OWNER")
- 2 - access("A"."OWNER"="B"."OWNER")
- 4 - filter("B"."CREATED">SYSDATE@!-1)
- 7 - filter("C"."OBJECT_ID">1000)
- Statistics
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- 1 recursive calls
- 0 db block gets
- 2746 consistent gets
- 0 physical reads
- 0 redo size
- 4080 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
- 534 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
- 3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
- 0 sorts (memory)
- 0 sorts (disk)
- 18 rows processed
复制代码 测试结束
MOS中已经有很多文档对连接列谓词推入做了详细说明
------------------作者介绍-----------------------
姓名:黄廷忠
现就职:Oracle中国高级服务团队
曾就职:OceanBase、云和恩墨、东方龙马等
电话、微信、QQ:18081072613
个人博客: (http://www.htz.pw)
CSDN地址: (https://blog.csdn.net/wwwhtzpw)
博客园地址: (https://www.cnblogs.com/www-htz-pw)
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