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system表空间丢失部分文件恢复---惜分飞

蓬森莉 4 小时前
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标题:system表空间丢失部分文件恢复
作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]
有客户因为system表空间有一个数据文件放在其他位置,当时没有正常拷贝出来(备份了oradata路径下面文件,遗漏了一个system文件),尝试启动库报ORA-01157 ORA-01147等错误
[oracle@xifenfei check_db]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Oct 5 21:13:28 2025 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> recover datafile 1;Media recovery complete. SQL> recover datafile 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10;   Media recovery complete.SQL> alter database open;alter database open*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 11 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 11:'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/path_to_datafile.dbf' SQL> alter database datafile 11 offline drop; Database altered. SQL> alter database open;alter database open*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01147: SYSTEM tablespace file 11 is offlineORA-01110: data file 11:'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/path_to_datafile.dbf'
alert日志报错信息
Sun Oct 05 22:35:01 2025alter database openSun Oct 05 22:35:01 2025Errors in file /data/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/mtxdb1/mtxdb1/trace/mtxdb1_dbw0_5946.trc:ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 11 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 11: '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/path_to_datafile.dbf'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusLinux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directoryAdditional information: 3Errors in file /data/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/mtxdb1/mtxdb1/trace/mtxdb1_ora_11264.trc:ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 11 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 11: '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/path_to_datafile.dbf'ORA-1157 signalled during: alter database open...Sun Oct 05 22:35:25 2025alter database datafile 11 offline ORA-1145 signalled during: alter database datafile 11 offline ...alter database datafile 11 offline dropCompleted: alter database datafile 11 offline dropalter database openErrors in file /data/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/mtxdb1/mtxdb1/trace/mtxdb1_ora_11264.trc:ORA-01147: SYSTEM tablespace file 11 is offlineORA-01110: data file 11: '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/path_to_datafile.dbf'ORA-1147 signalled during: alter database open...
由于11号文件是system表空间的一个数据文件,对于这种数据文件丢失无法offline该数据文件,然后open库(也就是说在open库的时候,system表空间的数据文件必须全部online,如果有部分文件offline就会报ORA-01147).对于这样的情况,以前有过类似恢复经历:bbed打开丢失部分system数据文件库,这次的编写了一个m_scn程序实现快速处理
[oracle@xifenfei  tmp]$ cat 1.txt1@/data/app/oracle/oradata/mtxdb1/system01.dbf11@/tmp/11.dbf[oracle@xifenfei  tmp]$ ./m_scn 1.txt -------------Is processing datafile:/tmp/11.dbf-------------1+0 records in1+0 records out1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.000835728 s, 1.3 GB/s [oracle@xifenfei tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Oct 8 11:27:32 2025 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> set numw 16SQL> col CHECKPOINT_TIME for a40SQL> set lines 150SQL> set pages 1000SQL> SELECT status,  2  to_char(checkpoint_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') checkpoint_time,FUZZY,checkpoint_change#,  3  count(*) ROW_NUM  4  FROM v$datafile_header  5  GROUP BY status, checkpoint_change#, to_char(checkpoint_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),fuzzy  6  ORDER BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time; STATUS  CHECKPOINT_TIME                          FUZ CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#          ROW_NUM------- ---------------------------------------- --- ------------------ ----------------OFFLINE 2025-10-02 06:50:06                      NO      17328662858685                1ONLINE  2025-10-02 06:50:06                      NO      17328662858685               10  SQL> alter database datafile 11 online; Database altered.
然后重建ctl,并尝试打开库
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然后查询11号文件中涉及的对象情况 
SQL> select distinct owner,segment_name,segment_type from dba_extents where file_id=11; OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                           SEGMENT_TYPE------------------------------ -------------------------------------- ------------------SYS                            SYSTEM                                 ROLLBACKSYS                            I_COL1                                 INDEXSYS                            AUD$                                   TABLE SQL> select owner,segment_name from dba_segments where HEADER_FILE=11; no rows selected
证明丢失的11号文件(system表空间文件),涉及的对象较少,而且不涉及核心字典,比如tab$,obj$,col$等非常核心对象,评估理论上应该不涉业务数据丢失,尝试直接expdp导出数据,但是很不幸,报ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018]错误
. . exported "XFF020"."OTHERBILLDETAIL_DEL"              6.405 MB  126048 rows. . exported "XFF020"."OSSOLDOUT"                       7.784 MB  281413 rowsORA-31693: Table data object "XFF020"."MATERIELTRAN" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:ORA-39068: invalid master table data in row with PROCESS_ORDER=159:1000001ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPF$FILE", line 3720ORA-06512: at line 1ORA-39126: Worker unexpected fatal error in KUPW$WORKER.UNLOAD_DATA [TABLE_DATA:"XFF020"."MATERIELTRAN"] UPDATE "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01" SET processing_state = :1, processing_status = :2    WHERE process_order = :3 AND duplicate = 0ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 7866ORA-31693: Table data object "XFF020"."MATERIELTRAN" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:ORA-39068: invalid master table data in row with PROCESS_ORDER=159:1000001ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPF$FILE", line 3720ORA-06512: at line 1 ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 105ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 9721 ----- PL/SQL Call Stack -----  object      line  object  handle    number  name0xef2fc508     21979  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      9742  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      3437  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508     10436  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      1824  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2feb20         2  anonymous block ORA-39097: Data Pump job encountered unexpected error -607ORA-39065: unexpected master process exception in DISPATCHORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ORA-31693: Table data object "XFF020"."ANALYSEREPORT" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:ORA-39068: invalid master table data in row with PROCESS_ORDER=161:1000001ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPF$FILE", line 3720ORA-06512: at line 1ORA-39126: Worker unexpected fatal error in KUPW$WORKER.UNLOAD_DATA [TABLE_DATA:"XFF020"."ANALYSEREPORT"] UPDATE "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01" SET processing_state = :1, processing_status = :2   WHERE process_order = :3 AND duplicate = 0ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 7866ORA-31693: Table data object "XFF020"."ANALYSEREPORT" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:ORA-39068: invalid master table data in row with PROCESS_ORDER=161:1000001ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPF$FILE", line 3720ORA-06512: at line 1 ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 105ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 9721 ----- PL/SQL Call Stack -----  object      line  object  handle    number  name0xef2fc508     21979  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      9742  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      3437  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508     10436  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      1824  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2feb20         2  anonymous block ORA-31693: Table data object "XFF020CW"."MATERIELTRAN" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:ORA-39068: invalid master table data in row with PROCESS_ORDER=160:1000001ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPF$FILE", line 3720ORA-06512: at line 1ORA-39126: Worker unexpected fatal error in KUPW$WORKER.UNLOAD_DATA [TABLE_DATA:"XFF020CW"."MATERIELTRAN"] UPDATE "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01" SET processing_state = :1, processing_status = :2   WHERE process_order = :3 AND duplicate = 0ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 7866ORA-31693: Table data object "XFF020CW"."MATERIELTRAN" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:ORA-39068: invalid master table data in row with PROCESS_ORDER=160:1000001ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data blockORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [11], [3], [18018], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPF$FILE", line 3720ORA-06512: at line 1 ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 105ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 9721 ----- PL/SQL Call Stack -----  object      line  object  handle    number  name0xef2fc508     21979  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      9742  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      3437  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508     10436  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2fc508      1824  package body SYS.KUPW$WORKER0xef2feb20         2  anonymous block Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01" stopped due to fatal error at Wed Oct 8 11:59:29 2025 elapsed 0 00:18:48
对ORA-600 kdBlkCheckError进行分析分析(11表示文件号,3表示block),是由于导出生成的master表写入在system表空间,而system表空间中的file# 11是人工构造出来的,block 3 是位图分配信息(该信息和实际字典中存储信息不匹配),所以导致出现该错误,对于这个问题解决方法为expdp写master表不在system表空间即可,通过该操作,顺利导出数据,完成本次恢复任务
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  • ORA-39126: 在 KUPW$WORKER.PUT_DDLS [TABLE_STATISTICS] 中 Worker 发生意外致命错误
  • obj$坏块exp/expdp导出不能正常执行
  • ORA-00600[ktspNextL1:4]
  • 跳过obj$坏块方法
  • 解决CON$ ORA-600 kdsgrp1错误
  • 使用dbms_metadata.get_ddl出现ORA-31605错误
  • ORA-12012: error on auto execute of job “SYS”.”ORA$AT_OS_OPT_SY_383″
  • expdp遭遇ORA-39006/ORA-39213故障解决
  • expdp中PARALLEL和DUMPFILE关系
  • 数据库升级遭遇ORA-04063: package body “SYS.DBMS_SQLTUNE”
  • awrload导入awr数据出现两种常见错误说明
  • ORA-10562 故障恢复—allow 1 corruption

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