Go工程选择开源分库分表中间件可用性测试
近期在寻找Go工程可以用的开源分库分表中间件，找了3个：ShardingSphere-Proxy，Kingshard，Gaea，下面给出测试过程和对比结果ShardingSphere-Proxy
https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere
有apache基金会支持，社区活跃, star 20.2k
Kingshard
https://github.com/flike/kingshard
个人项目, github已经不更新了，star 6.4k
Gaea
https://github.com/XiaoMi/Gaea
小米团队发布，最近更新是2024年9月，还算比较新，star 2.7k
分表设置
t_user 分10个表
sharding-proxy是 t_user_0...9
kingshard和Gaea是 t_user_0000...0009
测试代码
package main
import (
"database/sql"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"sharding/internal/models"
"strings"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" // 导入 MySQL 驱动
"log"
)
const (
// 定义颜色的 ANSI 转义序列
Reset= "\033[0m"
Red = "\033[31m"
Green= "\033[32m"
Yellow = "\033[33m"
Blue = "\033[34m"
)
func main() {
log.Println(Red + "shardingsphere-proxy test" + Reset)
dsn_proxy := "sharding:sharding@tcp(127.0.0.1:13308)/sharding_user?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
sharding_query(dsn_proxy)
log.Println(Yellow + "kingshard test" + Reset)
dsn_kingshard := "kingshard:kingshard@tcp(127.0.0.1:9696)/sharding_user?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
sharding_query(dsn_kingshard)
log.Println(Blue + "gaea test" + Reset)
dsn_gaea := "sharding_gaea:sharding_gaea@tcp(127.0.0.1:13306)/sharding_user?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
sharding_query(dsn_gaea)
}
func sharding_query(dsn string) {
//sharding proxy
shardingProxyConn, err := sql.Open("mysql", dsn)
if err != nil {
log.Println(err)
return
}
defer shardingProxyConn.Close()
id := rand.Intn(10)
userName := fmt.Sprintf("test%d", id)
notFound := false
// 完整sql,无传参
var uid uint64
valScope := strings.ReplaceAll(userName, "'", "\\'")
err = shardingProxyConn.QueryRow(fmt.Sprintf("select id from t_user where login_name = '%s'", valScope)).Scan(&uid)
if err != nil {
if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
log.Println("query 1 fail 1: ", err.Error())
notFound = true
} else {
log.Println("query 1 fail 2:", err)
}
} else {
log.Println("query 1 success, uid=", uid)
}
// sql传参
err = shardingProxyConn.QueryRow("select id from t_user where login_name = ?", userName).Scan(&uid)
if err != nil {
if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
log.Println("query 2 fail 1: ", err.Error())
notFound = true
} else {
log.Println("query 2 fail 2:", err)
}
} else {
log.Println("query 2 success, uid=", uid)
}
// create
if notFound {
// sharding-proxy 有 id 自动生成配置,这里方便测试需要，指定id
sqlIns := "INsert into t_user (id, login_name,passwd,email) values (?, ?, ?, ?)"
result, err1 := shardingProxyConn.Exec(sqlIns, id, userName, "test1234", "test@test.com")
if err1 != nil {
log.Println("insert fail:", err1)
} else {
rowsAffected, _ := result.RowsAffected()
log.Println("insert RowsAffected ", rowsAffected)
}
}
//Select
rows, err := shardingProxyConn.Query("select id,login_name,email,create_time,update_time from t_user where login_name like ? limit 10", "%test%")
if err != nil {
log.Println(err)
return
}
defer rows.Close()
var userList []models.UserModel
for rows.Next() {
var u models.UserModel
e := rows.Scan(&u.ID, &u.LoginName, &u.Email, &u.CreatedTime, &u.UpdateTime)
if e != nil {
log.Println("row scan err:", e)
continue
}
userList = append(userList, u)
}
j, _ := json.Marshal(userList)
log.Println("select result:", string(j))
}测试结论
shardingsphere-proxy 4.1
[*]分表查询不支持占位符传参，插曲：php测试过支持传参使用
[*]分表只支持全SQL
kingshard
[*]分表查询不支持占位符传参，插曲：php测试过支持传参使用
[*]分表查询支持全SQL
Gaea
[*]分表查询支持占位符传参
[*]分表查询支持全SQL
结论对比
Go代码的工程应用想用分库分表中间件，推荐次序
第1首选优先Gaea，因为支持占位符传参，github最近更新是2024年9月
第2是shardingsphere-proxy 4.1，因为不支持占位符传参，go工程想要用，就全得转换成完整SQL，但是配置比较简单，容易部署，有apache基金会支持，社区活跃
第3是kingshard，因为不支持占位符传参，就全得转换成完整SQL，并且github已经不更新了
测试结果日志
2025/04/19 17:04:24 shardingsphere-proxy test
2025/04/19 17:04:25 query 1 success, uid= 1119859588875681792
2025/04/19 17:04:25 packets.go:64 unexpected seq nr: expected 4, got 5
2025/04/19 17:04:25 query 2 fail 2: commands out of sync. You can't run this command now
2025/04/19 17:04:25 packets.go:64 unexpected seq nr: expected 8, got 17
2025/04/19 17:04:25 select result: null
2025/04/19 17:04:25 kingshard test
2025/04/19 17:04:25 query 1 success, uid= 4
2025/04/19 17:04:25 query 2 fail 2: Error 1105 (HY000): prepare error ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'sharding_user.t_user' doesn't exist
2025/04/19 17:04:25 Error 1105 (HY000): prepare error ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'sharding_user.t_user' doesn't exist
2025/04/19 17:04:25 gaea test
2025/04/19 17:04:25 query 1 fail 1:sql: no rows in result set
2025/04/19 17:04:25 query 2 fail 1:sql: no rows in result set
2025/04/19 17:04:25 insert RowsAffected1
2025/04/19 17:04:25 select result: [{"created_time":"2025-04-19T00:51:23+08:00","update_time":"2025-04-19T00:51:23+08:00","id":1,"Email":"test@test.com","LoginName":"test1","Passwd":"","LoginStatus":0,"LastLoginTime":null,"LoginCount":0}...]
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