写自己的ASP.NET MVC框架（下）
上篇博客【写自己的ASP.NET MVC框架（上）】我给大家介绍我的MVC框架对于Ajax的支持与实现原理。今天的博客将介绍我的MVC框架对UI部分的支持。注意：由于这篇博客是基于前篇博客的，因此有些已说过的内容将会直接跳过，也不会给出提示。
所以，如果要想理解这篇博客，那么阅读上篇博客【写自己的ASP.NET MVC框架（上）】则是必要的。
MyMVC的特点
在开发MyMVC的过程中，我吸取了一些ASP.NET WebForm的使用经验，也参考了ASP.NET MVC，也接受了Martin Fowler对于MVC思想的总结。在设计过程中，我只实现了一些必要的功能，而且没有引入其它的类库与组件，因此，它非常简单，且容易使用。
我们可以这样理解MyMVC：它是一个简单，容易使用，且符合MVC思想的框架。
在MyMVC框架中，View仍然采用了WebForm中的Page，毕竟Page已经使用了十年，能经得起时间的检验，它仍然是我们可信赖的技术。另一方面，Page也是ASP.NET中默认的HTML输出技术，使用它会比较方便。
MyMVC与微软的ASP.NET MVC不同的是：
1. 不依赖于URL路由组件。
2. 不提供任何HtmlHelper
3. Controller只是一个Action的容器，没有基类的要求。
4. Action处理的请求不区分POST, GET
5. URL可以直接对应一个网站目录中的aspx页面（View）。
6. View的使用是使用路径来指定，与Controller,Action的名字无关。
说明：URL虽然可以与网站中的页面对应，但这种对应并不是必须的，也可以不对应。
而且本质上与WebFrom中的页面执行过程并不相同。
下图反映了在MyMVC中，一个页面请求的执行过程：
介绍示例项目
为了让大家对MyMVC有兴趣，也为了检验MyMVC的设计，我在开发MyMVC的过程，还专门开发一个基于MyMVC的ASP.NET网站示例项目。网站提供了三种显示风格（也就是三种View），下面以“客户管理”页面为例来展示三种View的不同：
风格１
View对应的代码如下：
<%@ Page Title="客户管理" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="MasterPage.master"
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Inherits="MyPageView<CustomersPageModel>" %>
<%= HtmlExtension.RefJsFileHtml("/js/MyPage/Customers.js")%>
</asp:Content>
<p>创建客户</p>
<table class="GridView" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr align="left">
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><th style="width:20px;"> </th>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><th style="width:260px;">客户名称</th>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><th style="width:80px;">联系人</th>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><th>地址</th>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><th style="width:80px;">邮编</th>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><th style="width:160px;">电话</th>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></tr>
<% foreach( Customer customer in Model.List ) { %>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><td>&returnUrl=<%= RequestUrlEncodeRawUrl %>"
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>title="删除" class="easyui-linkbutton" plain="true">
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><img src="https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/delete.gif" alt="删除" /><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></td>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><td>" plain="true" iconCls="icon-open">
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><%= customer.CustomerName.HtmlEncode()%>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></td>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><td><span name="ContactName"><%= customer.ContactName.HtmlEncode() %></span>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></td>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><td><span name="Address"><%= customer.Address.HtmlEncode() %></span>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></td>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><td><span name="PostalCode"><%= customer.PostalCode.HtmlEncode() %></span>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></td>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><td><span name="Tel"><%= customer.Tel.HtmlEncode() %></span>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></td>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></tr>
<% } %>
<%= Model.PagingInfo.PaginationBar(6)%>
</table>
<%= UcExecutor.Render("/Controls/Style1/CustomerInfo.ascx", Model.Customer)%>
</asp:Content>风格２
View对应的代码如下：
<%@ Page Title="客户管理" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="MasterPage.master" %>
<%= HtmlExtension.RefJsFileHtml("/js/MyPage2/Customers.js")%>
</asp:Content>
<table id="grid1"></table>
<%= UcExecutor.Render("/Controls/Style2/CustomerInfo.ascx", null)%>
</asp:Content>风格３
View对应的代码如下：
<%@ Page Title="客户管理" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="MasterPage.master"
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Inherits="MyPageView<CustomersPageModel>" %>
</asp:Content>
<ul class="itemList">
<% foreach( Customer customer in Model.List ) { %>
<li>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><table class="GridView" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.CustomerName.HtmlEncode()%></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.ContactName.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.Address.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.PostalCode.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.Tel.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></table>
</li>
<% } %>
</ul>
<%= Model.PagingInfo.PaginationBar()%>
</asp:Content>这是三种截然不同的风格，在服务端的代码也是完全不同的。
其中第二种风格，是采用了我上篇博客中总结的【纯AJAX网站】的风格来开发，因此在服务端页面的开发过程中，最为简单，它需要输出的HTML最少，UI部分由客户端的JS来实现。
对于第一种和第三种风格，它们的HTML结构是不同的，页面所能完成的功能也是不同的，除此之外，它们应该是比较类似的，都是从下面这个泛型类型继承而来：
Inherits="MyPageView<CustomersPageModel>"从泛型类型继承的好处是：我可以在设计页面时，对于涉及Model的访问，都会有智能提示。比如：
由于有智能提示的支持，可以提高开发效率，并可以避免一些低级的拼写错误。
虽然前面我们可以从图片中看到访问【同一个URL地址】出现【三个不同的页面】，但它们背后的Controller却是同一个：
public class CustomerController
{
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static object LoadModel(int? page)
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 说明：参数page表示分页数，方法名LoadModel其实可以【随便取】。
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 根据用户选择的界面风格，计算实现要呈现的页面路径。
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string papeUrl = StyleHelper.GetTargetPageUrl("Customers.aspx");
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( StyleHelper.PageStyle == StyleHelper.StyleArray )
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// Style2 风格下，页面不需要绑定数据。数据由JS通过AJAX方式获取
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new PageResult(papeUrl, null);
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 为Style1 风格获取数据。
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CustomerSearchInfo info = new CustomerSearchInfo();
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>info.SearchWord = string.Empty;
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>info.PageIndex = page.HasValue ? page.Value - 1 : 0;
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>info.PageSize = AppHelper.DefaultPageSize;
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CustomersPageModel result = new CustomersPageModel();
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>result.PagingInfo = info;
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>result.List = BllFactory.GetCustomerBLL().GetList(info);
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new PageResult(papeUrl, result);
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}
}通过上面代码可以看到我用了4个，这意味着其实我可以使用4种不同的URL都能访问到这三个页面，而且每一个URL都会根据当前用户所选择的风格，呈现对应的页面。
事实上，我还可以为这个Action指定更多的，让它可以处理更多的URL。关于的使用与设计目的，请继续往下阅读。
关于URL路由
随着 .net framewrok 3.5 的问世，微软发布了一个【ASP.NET 路由】组件，它的出现给当时的URL优化方法提供了另外一种选择，不仅如此，它还提供了一些URL重写组件没有的功能：生成URL 。
随着AP.NET MVC的出现，【ASP.NET 路由】成为此框架的直接依赖组件，我们很难有其它的选择，而且，想不用都不行。
有趣的是：【ASP.NET 路由】这个后生小子的出现，并没有很好地遵守ASP.NET制定的一些规则，其中最为明显的是：它跳过了【处理器的映射】阶段，导致ASP.NET MVC在支持Session时，很为难。直到最后ASP.NET 4.0，微软修改了Session的部分实现方式，这样ASP.NET MVC才能最终借此机会解决Session的完整支持问题。
ASP.NET 路由虽然可以生成URL，但它引入了RouteData的概念，要想支持它，需要在框架层面上做许多基础工作。
而且，我认为：
1. 并不是每个网站都需要这种技术，对于不需要URL优化的网站来说，URL路由的使用只是白白地浪费性能。
2. 另一方面，即使需要URL优化，我们还有众多的URL重写组件可供选择，这样可以不用改变现在构架。
因此，MyMVC虽然不支持URL路由，但并不表示不能实现URL优化。
在MVC思想中，Controller应该是处理请求的地方，也是最先运行的部分。然而在传统的WebForm编程模型中，aspx页面负责处理请求。因此，必须采取一种方式让最先处理请求的地方从aspx页面中转移，并能提前执行。
而且，将代码从页面移出还有另外二个好处：
1. 被移出的代码肯定是与UI部分无关的，因此，会比较容易测试。
2. 代码与UI的分享也意味着：可以根据运行条件，有选择地将结果交给不同的View来呈现。
考虑到Action可以选择将结果交给不同的View来呈现，而Session也需要支持的问题，最终我决定，在框架内部使用一个专门的HttpHandler来执行用户的Action，根据Action所要求的Session支持模式，HttpHandlerFactory创建不同的HttpHandler来支持。由于需要使用HttpHandlerFactory，所以必须在web.config中注册。
配置MyMVC框架
MyMVC在使用时，需要在web.config中简单的配置：
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>如果使用IIS7，则参考以下配置：
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>我们可以把MvcPageHandlerFactory理解成MyMVC在ASP.NET管线的入口。
注意：
1. 上面的配置代码中，选择aspx这个扩展名并不是必须的，您也可以选择喜欢的扩展名。
2. 如果不喜欢扩展名的映射，可以使用HttpModule，MyMVC中提供的方法也能替代这个过程。
映射处理器（入口）
在web.config中注册MvcPageHandlerFactory后，所有符合条件的请求将会进入MvcPageHandlerFactory。
我们来看一下MvcPageHandlerFactory的实现代码：
internal sealed class AspnetPageHandlerFactory : PageHandlerFactory { }public sealed class MvcPageHandlerFactory : IHttpHandlerFactory{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 尝试根据当前请求，获取一个有效的Action，并返回ActionHandler<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 此方法可以在HttpModule中使用，用于替代httpHandler的映射配置<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static IHttpHandler TryGetHandler(HttpContext context)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>InvokeInfo vkInfo = ReflectionHelper.GetPageActionInvokeInfo(context.Request.FilePath);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( vkInfo == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> return null;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return ActionHandler.CreateHandler(vkInfo);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private AspnetPageHandlerFactory _msPageHandlerFactory;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>IHttpHandler IHttpHandlerFactory.GetHandler(HttpContext context,<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> string requestType, string virtualPath, string physicalPath)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 尝试根据请求路径获取Action<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>InvokeInfo vkInfo = ReflectionHelper.GetPageActionInvokeInfo(virtualPath);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 如果没有找到合适的Action，并且请求的是一个ASPX页面，则按ASP.NET默认的方式来继续处理<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( vkInfo == null && virtualPath.EndsWith(".aspx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( _msPageHandlerFactory == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>_msPageHandlerFactory = new AspnetPageHandlerFactory();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 调用ASP.NET默认的Page处理器工厂来处理<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return _msPageHandlerFactory.GetHandler(context, requestType, virtualPath, physicalPath);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return ActionHandler.CreateHandler(vkInfo);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>void IHttpHandlerFactory.ReleaseHandler(IHttpHandler handler)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}从代码中可以看到，MyMVC首先会根据当前的请求地址查找有没有一个Action可以处理它，如果没有，则采用ASP.NET默认的方式来处理。因此，把【*.aspx】交给MvcPageHandlerFactory是不会有问题的。
说明：创建一个空壳类型AspnetPageHandlerFactory的原因是：不能直接调用PageHandlerFactory的构造函数。
内部初始化
MyMVC在第一次处理请求时，要做一个初始化的过程，这个过程是由MvcPageHandlerFactory中的一个调用引发的：
// 尝试根据请求路径获取Action
InvokeInfo vkInfo = ReflectionHelper.GetPageActionInvokeInfo(virtualPath);ReflectionHelper有个静态构造函数，虽然上次我已贴出它的代码，但那只是部分代码，以下才是完整的初始化代码：
internal static class ReflectionHelper{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 保存PageAction的字典<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static Dictionary s_PageActionDict;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 保存AjaxController的列表<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static List s_AjaxControllerList;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 保存AjaxAction的字典<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static Hashtable s_AjaxActionTable = Hashtable.Synchronized(<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>new Hashtable(4096, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase));<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 用于从类型查找Action的反射标记<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static readonly BindingFlags ActionBindingFlags =<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.IgnoreCase;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>static ReflectionHelper()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>InitControllers();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 加载所有的Controller<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> private static void InitControllers()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>s_AjaxControllerList = new List(1024);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>var pageControllerList = new List(1024);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ICollection assemblies = BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>foreach( Assembly assembly in assemblies ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 过滤以【System.】开头的程序集，加快速度<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( assembly.FullName.StartsWith("System.", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>continue;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>try {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>foreach( Type t in assembly.GetExportedTypes() ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( t.Name.StartsWith("Ajax") )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>s_AjaxControllerList.Add(new ControllerDescription(t));<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else if( t.Name.EndsWith("Controller") )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>pageControllerList.Add(new ControllerDescription(t));<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>catch { }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 提前加载Page Controller中的所有Action方法<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>s_PageActionDict = new Dictionary(4096, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>foreach( ControllerDescription controller in pageControllerList ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>foreach( MethodInfo m in controller.ControllerType.GetMethods(ActionBindingFlags) ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>PageUrlAttribute[] pageUrlAttrs = m.GetMyAttributes();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ActionAttribute actionAttr = m.GetMyAttribute();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( pageUrlAttrs.Length > 0 && actionAttr != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ActionDescription actionDescription =<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>new ActionDescription(m, actionAttr) { PageController = controller };<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>foreach( PageUrlAttribute attr in pageUrlAttrs ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(attr.Url) == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>s_PageActionDict.Add(attr.Url, actionDescription);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 用于Ajax调用的Action信息则采用延迟加载的方式。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}从以上代码可以看出，在初始化时，MyMVC加载了全部的PageAction ，而AjaxAction却没有采用这种方式来实现，为什么呢？请继续阅读。
从URL到Action的映射过程
前面我们看到了MyMVC的初始化过程，其实是在ReflectionHelper的构造函数中完成的。在这个初始化之后，MvcPageHandlerFactory调用ReflectionHelper.GetPageActionInvokeInfo(virtualPath)便可以得到要调用的Action的具体描述。我称这个过程为：从URL到Action的映射。
GetPageActionInvokeInfo方法的实现代码如下：
/// /// 根据一个页面请求路径，返回内部表示的调用信息。/// /// /// public static InvokeInfo GetPageActionInvokeInfo(string url){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("url");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ActionDescription action = null;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( s_PageActionDict.TryGetValue(url, out action) == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return null;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>InvokeInfo vkInfo = new InvokeInfo();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>vkInfo.Controller = action.PageController;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>vkInfo.Action = action;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( vkInfo.Action.MethodInfo.IsStatic == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>vkInfo.Instance = Activator.CreateInstance(vkInfo.Controller.ControllerType);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return vkInfo;}在介绍这个映射过程之前，让我们再来回顾一下Action的声明代码：
public class CustomerController{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static object LoadModel(int? page)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{通过ReflectionHelper构造函数中所完成的初始化过程，每个Action的描述会根据的数量而生成多个字典条目，因此，在GetPageActionInvokeInfo的实现过程中，也只是简单的查找了这个字典而已，就可以得到所需要的调用信息，从面完成映射的过程。整个过程可以用以下图形来表示：
在上面的示例中，我使用了"/mvc/Customers"这种URL，显然它并不符合我在web.config中为MvcPageHandlerFactory注册时所指定的URL模式要求。那么，又该如何处理呢？
虽然这种URL虽然没有扩展名，但我仍然可以通过配置httpHandler的方式来解决，下面的配置就是我们需要的：
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>在介绍MvcPageHandlerFactory时，MyMVC提供了另一个方法TryGetHandler供外部使用。因此，在示例网站中，我还可以在Global.asax中调用这个方法来解决前面的那个问题：
protected void Application_PostResolveRequestCache(object sender, EventArgs e){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 这里只是一个演示。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 主要是将诸如：/mvc/Customers 这类请求映射到MyMVC框架的处理器<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpApplication app = (HttpApplication)sender;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( app.Request.FilePath.StartsWith("/mvc/") ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>IHttpHandler myHandler = MyMVC.MvcPageHandlerFactory.TryGetHandler(app.Context);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( myHandler != null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>app.Context.RemapHandler(myHandler);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}对于切换HttpHandler的操作，我有以下建议：
1. 尽量放在HttpModule中去实现。因为可以通过修改配置来切换规则（启用或者禁止），所以会比较灵活。
2. 如果可以通过HttpHandler映射能实现的，尽量首选HttpHandler映射方式。原因：更快，更标准。
PageUrl的设计思想
在前面的示例代码中，我为一个Action添加多个，来标记这个Action可以处理多个URL，因此，一个Action能处理哪些URL是通过指定来实现的。
为什么要叫【PageUrl】？
我想或许有些人会有这个疑问。
下面我就来回答这个问题，也可以让大家了解我设计PageUrl的原因：
1. 我们请求一个URL通常是为了得到一个页面显示，因此可以认为一个URL最终可以表示成一个页面。
2. 我也想过使用这种名称，但感觉太短了，而且Ajax请求也有URL，那么必须显式地加以区分。
所以，我最终决定使用这个名字。
在Ajax部分，我认为通常只需要完成获取数据以及处理提交数据的功能就可以了。因此，绝大多数情况下是不要需View的，而且，一个功能与一个URL对应，这样还可以简化问题。所以，在Ajax部分，我提倡在URL中直接指出要调用哪个Controller中的哪个Action。
在Page部分，事实上也需要一个Action，本来也是可以继续使用这种做法的，不过，我并没有这种做，理由如下：
1. 我们创建View其实也是创建Page，使用Page的路径不是更好吗？而且WebForm的粉丝或许会更喜欢。
2. 多URL的匹配功能。后面会有详细说明。
由于以上种种原因，我将设计成与是独立关系，并且可以多次指定的。
注意：
1. Url参数中指定的字符串，可以对应一个aspx页面。也可以不对应aspx页面。
2. Url参数中，不要包含QueryString，否则根本不能匹配。
3. 如果您使用URL重写组件，那么此处应该是重写后的路径。
由于我在MvcPageHandlerFactory中使用ASP.NET框架传入的virtualPath并不包含查询参数，因此，把它理解成页面路径也是非常合适的。
多URL的匹配功能
或许有些人认为多URL匹配一个Action是没有意义的，比如下面的这个Action会更符合常理：
public class CategoryController{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public object LoadModel()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{是的，通常情况下，一个Action处理一个URL也是较为常见。
但仍然有二种情况需要这个功能。首先来看下面的示例：
public object TransferRequest(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 这个Action要做的事较为简单，<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 将请求 "/Pages/Orders.aspx" 用实际的页面 "/Pages/StyleX/Orders.aspx" 来响应。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 因为用户选择的风格不同，但URL地址是一样的，所以在这里切换。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 当然这样的处理也只适合页面不需要Model的情况下。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string filePath = HttpContextHelper.RequestFilePath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>int p = filePath.LastIndexOf('/');<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string pageName = filePath.Substring(p + 1);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new PageResult(StyleHelper.GetTargetPageUrl(pageName), null /*model*/);}代码所涉及的4个页面在呈现时，由于并不需要数据，但为了能够实现多样式的支持，它们可以共用一个Action，因此这里只是切换一个View的路径而已。
理解上面那句话，可能还需要知道StyleHelper的实现代码：
public static class StyleHelper{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static readonly string STR_PageStyle = "PageStyle";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static readonly string[] StyleArray = new string[] { "Style1", "Style2", "Style3" };<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static string PageStyle<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get { return CookieHelper.GetCookieValue(STR_PageStyle) ?? StyleArray; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static string GetTargetPageUrl(string pageName)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return string.Format("/Pages/{0}/" + pageName, PageStyle);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}示例网站的目录结构如下图：
在示例网站中，由于三种风格的截然不同，尤其是在功能与HTML结构上就完全不同，因此根本不可能通过CSS或者SKIN的方式来解决，所以我为三种风格创建了三个目录，分别存放相应的页面文件。最终根据用户的选择（Cookie）来决定使用哪个目录下的页面来呈现。
用户设置风格的JS代码如下，
$(function(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>$("a.btnSetStyle").click(function(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>var style = $(this).attr("ps");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 其实写cookie也可以直接使用JS去写的。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>$.ajax({<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>url: "/AjaxStyle/SetStyle.cspx",<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>data: {style: style},<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>success: function(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>window.location = window.location;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>});<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return false;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>});});服务端的C#代码如下：
public class AjaxStyle{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public void SetStyle(string style)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( Array.IndexOf(StyleHelper.StyleArray, style) >= 0 ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie(StyleHelper.STR_PageStyle, style);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(1);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CookieHelper.AddCookie(cookie);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}说明：CookieHelper是设计成支持单元测试的，所以不要怀疑这里的代码不符合MVC，后面会专门谈它。
所以，在这种情况下，多个URL映射到一个Action是有意义的。这是【多URL的匹配功能】的第一个用途。
解决老的URL兼容问题
在一个网站的成长过程中，一般会有重构的过程。在重构过程中，或许会删除以前的某些页面，或许调整URL格式。然而，用户也可能会收藏这个网站的链接，但由于页面重构了，老的链接可能会因此而失效，造成404错误。此时就要解决URL的兼容问题。
在ASP.NET中，我们可以在web.config配置urlMappings节点来做这样的映射转换。还有另一种方法是，创建一个HttpModule专门判断是否在请求一些老的URL，如果是，则重定向到新的页面。总之，不管使用哪种方法，都需要为每个传入请求检查URL是否是老格式的URL，这个过程会根据一个列表来逐一检查，不过，可惜的是：绝大部分请求可能都是新的URL格式，而那些兼容方案无疑会浪费很多的CPU资源。
在MyMVC中，可以简单地处理这个问题，就像下面的这个示例一样：
public class CustomerController{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static object LoadModel(int? page)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{这个“客户管理”页面可能经过了多次重构，没关系，只要把各个版本的地址用标识出来就可以了，完全不用前面所说的兼容方案，因此，在URL的兼容处理上没有任何负担，也不会影响性能。
说明：的顺序并不重要，可以随意调整。
对身份认证的支持
MyMVC也支持一些基本的身份认证，可以通过在Action方法中添加修饰属性来指示。
AuthorizeAttribute的实现代码如下：
///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 用于验证用户身份的修饰属性<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> <httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public class AuthorizeAttribute : Attribute<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private string _user;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private string[] _users;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private string _role;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private string[] _roles;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private string[] SplitString(string value)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return null;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return (from s in value.Split(',')<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>let u = s.Trim()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>where u.Length > 0<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>select u).ToArray();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 允许访问的用户列表，用逗号分隔。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public string Users<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get { return _user; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set { _user = value; _users = SplitString(value); }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 允许访问的角色列表，用逗号分隔。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public string Roles<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get { return _role; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set { _role = value; _roles = SplitString(value); }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>internal bool AuthenticateRequest(HttpContext context)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( context.Request.IsAuthenticated == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return false;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( _users != null &&<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> _users.Contains(context.User.Identity.Name, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return false;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( _roles != null && _roles.Any(context.User.IsInRole) == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return false;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return true;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}认证检查发生在调用Action之前，代码如下：
internal static void ExecuteAction(HttpContext context, InvokeInfo vkInfo){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( context == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("context");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( vkInfo == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("vkInfo");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 验证请求是否允许访问（身份验证）<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>AuthorizeAttribute authorize = vkInfo.GetAuthorize();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( authorize != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( authorize.AuthenticateRequest(context) == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ExceptionHelper.Throw403Exception(context);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 调用方法<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>object result = ExecuteActionInternal(context, vkInfo);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 设置OutputCache<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>OutputCacheAttribute outputCache = vkInfo.GetOutputCacheSetting();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( outputCache != null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>outputCache.SetResponseCache(context);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 处理方法的返回结果<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>IActionResult executeResult = result as IActionResult;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( executeResult != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>executeResult.Ouput(context);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( result != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 普通类型结果<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Write(result.ToString());<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}下面的示例代码演示了它的用法：
public object ShowFishPage(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 仅当当前用户是 fish 时，才允许访问这个PageAction<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 注意：第一参数为null，表示使用当前地址。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new PageResult(null, null);}public object ShowLoginUserPage(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 仅当当前用户是已登录用户时，才允许访问这个PageAction<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 注意：第一参数为null，表示使用当前地址。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new PageResult(null, null);}注意：
1. 如果一个Action没有使用，则表示允许任意用户访问（包括未登录用户）。
2. 对于AjaxAction仍然有效。
View的设计方式
在MyMVC中，View采用了ASP.NET Page，不过，我并不建议使用CodeFile文件。不使用CodeFile文件，我想这是很多喜欢WebForm的人不能接受的。他们更愿意在CodeFile文件中获取数据，绑定数据，响应事件，处理用户的提交数据。也正是由于这个原因，才会让其它人认为WebForm是一种对单元测试极差的编程模型。
这里我要表达一下我的观点：代码是否可支持单元测试，这其中最主要的原因还是开发人员自身造成的，框架的选择只是起到促进或是部分限制的作用。就算让一些人使用ASP.NET MVC，他们所编写的代码未必就能支持单元测试，有些人实在太依赖于HttpContext.Current，甚至在ASP.NET MVC中还在写这种代码。
好吧，还是回到Page的设计这个话题上来。MyMVC所提倡的做法与ASP.NET MVC的做法类似，那就是直接在Page中采用内联的方式显示数据，而不是在CodeFile中绑定数据。许多人一看到ASP.NET MVC的这种内联写法，感觉又回到了ASP时代，认为是在倒退，其实这只是表面现象。表面的背后是：代码远离了UI。，也可以理解成：逻辑远离了UI。这也是正是ASP.NET MVC一直所提倡的：分离关注点。在新的开发理念中，原来的Page分解成View和Controller，在实现它们时，只关注自身那一部分就可以了，因此，如果单看Page时，可能是会有前面所说的那种感觉。另一方面，由于代码远离了UI，或许可以有更多的机会重构它们，使它们的重用性更高。
下面还是来回顾一下MyMVC中Page的代码：
<%@ Page Title="客户管理" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="MasterPage.master"
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Inherits="MyPageView<CustomersPageModel>" %>
</asp:Content>
<ul class="itemList">
<% foreach( Customer customer in Model.List ) { %>
<li>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><table class="GridView" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.CustomerName.HtmlEncode()%></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.ContactName.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.Address.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.PostalCode.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><tr><td><%= customer.Tel.HtmlEncode() %></td></tr>
<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers></table>
</li>
<% } %>
</ul>
<%= Model.PagingInfo.PaginationBar()%>
</asp:Content>此时，对于呈现所需的数据可以直接从Model对象中获取，但要求在Page指令中指出Model的类型，这样还可以有智能提示的优点。如果页面需要显示数据，请务必从MyPageView继承，它的实现代码如下：
/// /// 页面视图的基类/// /// 传递给页面呈现时所需的数据实体对象类型public class MyPageView : MyBasePage{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 用于页面呈现时所需的数据实体对象<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public TModel Model { get; set; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}其实也就是一个简单的类型，包含了Model这个属性而已。至于MyBasePage的实现代码，我们可以忽略它，它是直接从System.Web.UI.Page继承的。
再来一段用户控件的代码：
客户名称<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>联系人<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>地址<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>邮编<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>电话<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>基本上，与Page的开发方式差不多，只是基类换成了MyUserControlView而已。
在这里我认为要补充一点的是：
与ASP.NET MVC不同，MyMVC不提供任何HtmlHelper。
我认为HtmlHelper与MVC思想完全没有关系，因此不提供这些方法。
另一方面，很多人希望更好地控制HTML代码，因此就更没必要提供这些方法了。
如果您认为需要一些必要的HtmlHelper方法，那么可以实现自己喜欢的HtmlHelper类库。
最后我想说的是：页面继承泛型类，还需要一些额外的处理。比如下面的代码：
Inherits="MyPageView<CustomersPageModel>"要让这种设置能够通过编译，需要在web.config中做如下配置：
ViewTypeParserFilter的实现代码较长，我就不在此贴出了，可以从本文结尾处下载。
Controller,Action的设计方式
在MyMVC中，Action分为二种：AjaxAction和PageAction。
PageAction与AjaxActioin在方法的定义上并没有什么差异，只要是个public方法就可以了。
不过，PageAction与AjaxAction不同点在于：
1. Controller的容器名称不同，PageAction要求Controller的名字必须以Controller结尾。
2. 必须有一个有效的的修饰属性指出可以处理的URL
3. Action的名字与URL无关，可以随意取名。
在MyMVC中，2种Action还有另一特点是：不区分GET,POST 。
原因是：我喜欢用JQuery，用它实现客户端的Ajax时，GET, POST，只是一个参数的差别而已。另一方面，对于HTML表单来说，GET, POST也只是一个参数的差别，大部分表单也可以通过GET方式来提交，只要您愿意。所以，我想，既然客户端可以这样灵活地切换，服务端也就没有必要再去做那样限制。或许有些人认为区分二者会更安全，但我认为它们对安全性基本上不构成影响。反而，如果服务端忽略它们，只会让客户端更容易调用。
还有一种情况下可能需要区分二者：请求与提交是同一个地址。
这应该可以算得上是我在上篇总结的【以服务端为中心的网站】的开发方式。
事实上，在使用MyMVC的项目中，标签应该需要手写，可能更多的时候会提交到另一个地址，
因为，我更建议使用Ajax方式提交数据。
所以，最终我决定：MyMVC的Action不区分GET, POST.
在设计MyMVC时，我一直没有忘记将View和Controller的分离，而且对于Controller，只有名字上的约束，Action的约束也较少，因此，我们在实现Action时，完全可以把它们独立到【类库项目】中，
就像示例项目这样：
这样做的好处是：测试Actioin会更容易。
此时网站可能只是一堆aspx，js, css文件。我一直期待能将aspx也交给美工去维护，这样设计但愿能让可能性更大一些。
输出HTML的方式
MyMVC提供二种方式在Action中返回HTML，分别是返回PageResult或者UcResult，表示需要呈现一个页面或者一个用户控件。当在Action返回这二种结果时，Action的部分就执行完毕了。剩下的处理是在MyMVC框架中进行的，MyMVC框架会对这二种结果，以IActionResult接口的方式调用Ouput方法输出结果给客户端。
PageResult和UcResult的实现代码如下：
public interface IActionResult{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>void Ouput(HttpContext context);}/// /// 表示一个用户控件结果（用户控件将由框架执行）/// public sealed class UcResult : IActionResult{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public string VirtualPath { get; private set; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public object Model { get; private set; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public UcResult(string virtualPath, object model)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(virtualPath) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("virtualPath");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>this.VirtualPath = virtualPath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>this.Model = model;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>void IActionResult.Ouput(HttpContext context)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.ContentType = "text/html";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string html = UcExecutor.Render(VirtualPath, Model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Write(html);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}/// /// 表示一个页面结果（页面将由框架执行）/// public sealed class PageResult : IActionResult{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public string VirtualPath { get; private set; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public object Model { get; private set; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public PageResult(string virtualPath, object model)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>this.VirtualPath = virtualPath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>this.Model = model;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>void IActionResult.Ouput(HttpContext context)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.VirtualPath) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>this.VirtualPath = context.Request.FilePath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.ContentType = "text/html";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string html = PageExecutor.Render(context, VirtualPath, Model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Write(html);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}这二个类型的使用方式是一样的，都需要提供二个参数，第一个参数表示页面或者用户控件的存放路径，第二个参数表示给页面或者用户控件所需的显示数据。比如下面这个示例：
public object ShowCustomerPicker(string searchWord, int? page){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CustomerSearchInfo info = new CustomerSearchInfo();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>info.SearchWord = searchWord ?? string.Empty;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>info.PageIndex = page.HasValue ? page.Value - 1 : 0;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>info.PageSize = AppHelper.DefaultPageSize;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CustomerPickerModel data = new CustomerPickerModel();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>data.SearchInfo = info;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>data.List = BllFactory.GetCustomerBLL().GetList(info);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new UcResult("/Controls/Style1/CustomerPicker.ascx", data);}设计这二类结果，我的本意是：
1. UcResult给Ajax请求使用，因为有可能会要求服务端输出一段HTML
2. PageResult用于整页面的响应。
在MyMVC中，执行页面或者用户控件，需要指出页面或者用户控件的路径，而不是采用什么约定关系。
我认为约定会造成名字耦合，约定也会影响限制灵活，因此，必须明确指定（允许为null）。
PageResult多用于PageAction，而PageAction又有来指示可以处理哪些URL，虽然一个PageAction可以处理多个URL，但通常情况下，还是以一个PageAction处理一个URL的情况居多。此时，MyMVC允许在返回PageResult时，第一个参数可以设置为null，表示使用当前请求地址。如果此时当前请求地址有一个aspx页面与之对应，自然就会方便很多。可以参考下面的示例：
public object ShowFishPage(){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 仅当当前用户是 fish 时，才允许访问这个PageAction<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 注意：第一参数为null，表示使用当前地址。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new PageResult(null, null);}在MyMVC框架中，PageResult最终会调用PageExecutor.Render()来获取页面的生成代码，具体过程如下：
public static class PageExecutor{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>internal static readonly Type MyPageViewOpenType = typeof(MyPageView);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static void SetPageModel(IHttpHandler handler, object model)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( handler == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( model != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Type handlerType = handler.GetType().BaseType;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Type viewType = MyPageViewOpenType.MakeGenericType(model.GetType());<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 检查类型是否匹配<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( handlerType == viewType || handlerType.IsSubclassOf(viewType) ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>DataMember member = ReflectionHelper.GetMemberByName(viewType, "Model", true);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>member.SetValue(handler, model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentException("参数model的类型与页面的参数类型不一致。");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 用指定的页面路径以及视图数据呈现结果，最后返回生成的HTML代码。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 页面应从MyPageView<T>继承<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// HttpContext对象<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// Page的虚拟路径<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 视图数据<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 生成的HTML代码<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static string Render(HttpContext context, string pageVirtualPath, object model)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( context == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("context");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(pageVirtualPath) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("pageVirtualPath");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Page handler = BuildManager.CreateInstanceFromVirtualPath(<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>pageVirtualPath, typeof(object)) as Page;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( handler == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new InvalidOperationException(<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string.Format("指定的路径 {0} 不是一个有效的页面。", pageVirtualPath));<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>SetPageModel(handler, model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>StringWriter output = new StringWriter();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Server.Execute(handler, output, false);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return output.ToString();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}UcResult则会调用UcExecutor.Render()生成用户控件的输出代码，具体过程如下：
public static class UcExecutor{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>internal static readonly Type MyUserControlViewOpenType = typeof(MyUserControlView);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 用指定的用户控件以及视图数据呈现结果，最后返回生成的HTML代码。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 用户控件应从MyUserControlView<T>继承<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 用户控件的虚拟路径<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 视图数据<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>/// 生成的HTML代码<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static string Render(string ucVirtualPath, object model)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(ucVirtualPath) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("ucVirtualPath");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Page page = new Page();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Control ctl = page.LoadControl(ucVirtualPath);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( ctl == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new InvalidOperationException(<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string.Format("指定的用户控件 {0} 没有找到。", ucVirtualPath));<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>MyBaseUserControl myctl = ctl as MyBaseUserControl;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( myctl != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( model != null ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Type viewType = MyUserControlViewOpenType.MakeGenericType(model.GetType());<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Type ctrlType = myctl.GetType();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 检查用户控件的类型是否匹配<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( ctrlType == viewType || ctrlType.IsSubclassOf(viewType) ) {<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 给用户控件的视图数据赋值。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>DataMember member = ReflectionHelper.GetMemberByName(viewType, "Model", true);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>member.SetValue(myctl, model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentException("参数model的类型与用户控件的参数类型不一致。");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 将用户控件放在Page容器中。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>page.Controls.Add(ctl);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>StringWriter output = new StringWriter();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HtmlTextWriter write = new HtmlTextWriter(output, string.Empty);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>page.RenderControl(write);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 用下面的方法也可以的。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>//HttpContext.Current.Server.Execute(page, output, false);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return output.ToString();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}HTML分块输出
注意哦，前面介绍的2个Render方法的可见性都是public，这样设计的想法是让框架提供对外生成HTML的能力，或许有些用户有这样的需求。另一方面，或许还有些用户打算在Action的执行过程中，将原来较大的HTML页面分块输出给客户端。BigPipe就使用了这种想法：整个请求不用等到全部数据获取成功后一次性输出，而是将页面按业务逻辑拆分，并在获取到相应的数据后，立即向客户端输出部分片段。
其实HTML分块输出在ASP.NET中并不是什么新的技术，而是在ASP.NET一出现时就已经存在了，那就是在输出的过程中不断调用Response.Flush();
由于MyMVC将生成HTML做为一种基础功能，因此在MyMVC中，只要您调用Response.Flush();便可以方便地实现分块输出。不过，为了让调用更简单，我提供了二个辅助方法来简化这个过程。
在PageExecutor类型中的ResponseWrite方法：
/// /// 用指定的Page以及视图数据呈现结果，/// 然后将产生的HTML代码写入HttpContext.Current.Response/// 用户控件应从MyPageView<T>继承/// /// Page的虚拟路径/// 视图数据/// 是否需要在输出html后调用Response.Flush()public static void ResponseWrite(string pageVirtualPath, object model, bool flush){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( context == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Response.ContentType) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.ContentType = "text/html";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string html = Render(context, pageVirtualPath, model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Write(html);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( flush )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Flush();}在UcExecutor类型中的ResponseWrite方法：
/// /// 用指定的用户控件以及视图数据呈现结果，/// 然后将产生的HTML代码写入HttpContext.Current.Response/// 用户控件应从MyUserControlView<T>继承/// /// 用户控件的虚拟路径/// 视图数据/// 是否需要在输出html后调用Response.Flush()public static void ResponseWrite(string ucVirtualPath, object model, bool flush){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( context == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Response.ContentType) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.ContentType = "text/html";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string html = Render(ucVirtualPath, model);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Write(html);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( flush )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Flush();}注意：由于这二个方法在内部使用了HttpContext.Current，因此如果在Action中调用它们，会造成Action不能支持单元测试。
关于单元测试的支持
提到MVC思想，我想就不得不谈单元测试了。
因为MVC的主要思想还是想把这三个字目对应的事物分开，以方便开发与测试。这里面，我认为尤其是View与Controller的分离最为重要，因为有UI的地方比较难测试，反过来，如果没有UI的东西就比较容易测试了。
不过，在ASP.NET中，影响单元测试的不仅仅只是UI元素，还有HttpContxt, HttpRequest, HttpResponse这之类的核心对象。比如：即使我们将Controller放在类库项目中实现，但在Action中还在访问QueryString，Form，甚至发起重定向的请求，你说这样的代码如何测试。
我认为判断一个方法是否可支持单元测试有一个简单的办法：写个控制台的程序去调用它，看它能否正常运行。
通常，用户的输入数据主要有三个来源：QueryString, Form, Cookie。而且前二者居多，Cookie则多用于保存用户偏好设置。因此，在MyMVC中，可以让Action不再去直接访问QueryString, Form，替代的方式是：将要读取的名字做为C#方法的参数名明确指出。这样，Actioin中的代码就远离了QueryString, Form。至于Cookie的访问，MyMVC则提供一个辅助类来支持访问：
/// /// 读写Cookie的辅助工具类。这个类对测试环境仍然有效。/// public static class CookieHelper{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static HttpCookieCollection s_cookies;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static HttpCookieCollection TestCookies<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new InvalidOperationException();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( s_cookies == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 测试环境不考虑线程安全问题。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>s_cookies = new HttpCookieCollection();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return s_cookies;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 从Request中获取一个Cookie对象<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static HttpCookie GetCookie(string key)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> return TestCookies;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return HttpContext.Current.Request.Cookies;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 从Request中获取一个Cookie对象的值，如果不存在，则返回null<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static string GetCookieValue(string key)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpCookie cookie = GetCookie(key);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( cookie == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return null;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return cookie.Value;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 将一个Cookie对应写入到Response中<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static void SetCookie(HttpCookie cookie)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> TestCookies.Set(cookie);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Set(cookie);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 将一个Cookie对应写入到Response中<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static void AddCookie(HttpCookie cookie)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> TestCookies.Add(cookie);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 清除所有写入的Cookie<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static void ClearCookie()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestCookies.Clear();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Clear();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 删除指定名称的Cookie<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> ///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static void RemoveCookie(string key)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> TestCookies.Remove(key);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Remove(key);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}重定向也是常见的需求。MyMVC则是通过提供RedirectResult来支持的：
/// /// 表示一个重定向的结果/// public sealed class RedirectResult : IActionResult{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public string Url { get; private set; }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public RedirectResult(string url)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new ArgumentNullException("url");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Url = url;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>void IActionResult.Ouput(HttpContext context)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>context.Response.Redirect(Url, true);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}说明：Ouput方法由框架调用，不影响Action的单元测试。
示例代码：
public object Delete(int id){<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>BllFactory.GetCategoryBLL().Delete(id);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return new RedirectResult("/Pages/Categories.aspx");}在ASP.NET项目开发过程中，还有一类需求较为常见，那就是：访问一些当前环境变量。
MyMVC则是通过以下二个类型来处理的。
public static class TestEnvironment{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// 当前运行环境是否为测试环境（非ASP.NET环境）<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> internal static readonly bool IsTestEnvironment = (HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppId == null);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static Hashtable s_ContextInfo;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>private static Hashtable ContextInfo<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new InvalidOperationException("只有测试代码才允许执行这个调用。");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( s_ContextInfo == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 测试环境不考虑线程安全问题。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>s_ContextInfo = new Hashtable(100, StringComparer.Ordinal);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return s_ContextInfo;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static object GetValue(string key)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>object val = ContextInfo;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( val == null )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>throw new InvalidOperationException("您忘记了给测试环境赋值了。参数名：" + key);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return val;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static void SetValue(string key, object val)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ContextInfo = val;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>public static void ClearTestEnvironmentInfo()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ContextInfo.Clear();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CookieHelper.ClearCookie();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}}/// /// 用于访问当前请求上下文的工具类。这个类对测试环境仍然有效。/// public static class HttpContextHelper{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 为了能让代码支持测试环境<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 会判断 TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 如果在ASP.NET环境中运行，则直接返回HttpRuntime或者HttpContext.Current中的参数值<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 如果是在测试环境中运行，则使用另一个静态变量来维护所有需要访问的状态。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 在测试前，需要先给相应的参数赋值。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 测试完成后可调用TestEnvironment.ClearTestEnvironmentInfo()清除临时环境。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// return HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static string AppRootPath<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return TestEnvironment.GetValue("AppDomainAppPath") as string;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestEnvironment.SetValue("AppDomainAppPath", value);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// return HttpContext.Current.Request.FilePath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static string RequestFilePath<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return TestEnvironment.GetValue("RequestFilePath") as string;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return HttpContext.Current.Request.FilePath;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestEnvironment.SetValue("RequestFilePath", value);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// return HttpContext.Current.Request.RawUrl;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static string RequestRawUrl<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return TestEnvironment.GetValue("RequestRawUrl") as string;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return HttpContext.Current.Request.RawUrl;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestEnvironment.SetValue("RequestRawUrl", value);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> /// return HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>///<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers> public static string UserIdentityName<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( TestEnvironment.IsTestEnvironment )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return TestEnvironment.GetValue("UserIdentityName") as string;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( HttpContext.Current.Request.IsAuthenticated == false )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return null;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>return HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name;<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestEnvironment.SetValue("UserIdentityName", value);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 如果还需要访问更多的HttpContext信息，也可以采用下面的方法。请自行完成。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>//public static HttpContextBase Current<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>//{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>//<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>get { }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>//<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>set { }<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>//}}注意HttpContextHelper这个类，我将平时访问的一些与请求或者与ASP.NET运行环境相关的属性全部封装在这里了。如果不够，还可以继续添加。有了这些代码，我就可以简单在控制台程序中调用它们（您也可以移到单元测试项目中）：
class Program{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>static void Main(string[] args)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>InitDB();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Test_AjaxStyle_SetStyle();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Test_AjaxCustomer_GetById();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Test_TestEnvironment();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.ReadLine();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>static void InitDB()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>string xmlPath = "..\\..\\DemoWebSite1\\App_Data\\MyNorthwindDataBase.xml";<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>WebSiteDB.LoadDbFromXml(xmlPath);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>static void Test_AjaxStyle_SetStyle()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>AjaxStyle ajax = new AjaxStyle();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ajax.SetStyle(StyleHelper.StyleArray);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( CookieHelper.GetCookieValue(StyleHelper.STR_PageStyle) == StyleHelper.StyleArray )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("AjaxStyle.SetStyle(\"{0}\") OK", StyleHelper.StyleArray);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("AjaxStyle.SetStyle(\"{0}\") faild.", StyleHelper.StyleArray);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>CookieHelper.ClearCookie();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>ajax.SetStyle("abc");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>// 一个无效的值。<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( CookieHelper.GetCookieValue(StyleHelper.STR_PageStyle) == null)<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("AjaxStyle.SetStyle(\"abc\") OK");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("AjaxStyle.SetStyle(\"abc\") faild.");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>static void Test_AjaxCustomer_GetById()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>AjaxCustomer ajax = new AjaxCustomer();<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>object result = ajax.GetById(1);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( result is JsonResult )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("AjaxCustomer.GetById(1) OK");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>else<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("AjaxCustomer.GetById(1) faild");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>static void Test_TestEnvironment()<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>{<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestEnvironment.SetValue("key1", 123);<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>TestEnvironment.SetValue("key2", "abc");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( (int)TestEnvironment.GetValue("key1") == 123 )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("TestEnvironment.SetValue(123) OK.");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>if( (string)TestEnvironment.GetValue("key2") == "abc" )<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers><httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>Console.WriteLine("TestEnvironment.SetValue(\"abc\") OK.");<httpHandlers>
<httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>
</httpHandlers>}
用过ASP.NET MVC的人可能会问我：
为什么不使用System.Web.Abstractions定义的那些类型，那样不是更容易支持单元测试吗？
是啊，我也知道那种做法的好处。但那样做的工作量也会更大。
根据目前的MyMVC设计方式，如果要引入HttpContextBase, HttpRequestBase, HttpResponseBase这类对象，就需要设计Controller基类，并且创建Controller的过程也会比目前复杂，或者要把ASP.NET MVC那套创建Controller的过程搬过来，否则仍然会不完整。然而，我还是打算自己再设计另一种简单的方法 尽可能 地去解决这个问题。上面的方法就是我的设计，虽然不够完整，却是简单有效的，而且测试代码也会简单很多。另一方面，我不提供Controller基类，但可以设计诸如HttpContextHelper.Current这样的访问方式，最终的结果仍然是可以支持单元测试的，况且HttpContextHelper.Current这种用法也不会让人难以适应。不提供还有另外的好处：允许设计自己的基类。
还有一点要补充的是：MyMVC框架内部也没有使用System.Web.Abstractions，是的，我知道。
这也只能说：框架的代码不能进行单元测试而已。 但不影响用户的Action代码的单元测试。
再说框架中的代码有些也很难做单元测试，毕竟太依赖于ASP.NET，而且我没那么多的空闲时间以及驱动力。
MyMVC还有一个没有支持的是文件的上传与下载。
这里我来说说对于这块功能访如何去实现：
1. 可以直接访问HttpContext.Current ，并忽略这些代码的单元测试能力。
2. 自行实现我前面没有实现的HttpContextHelper.Current 。
是的，我的确没有完成这个功能，而把它留给了用户，抱歉。
关于框架代码与示例代码
在本文的未尾，我提供了MyMVC框架的代码，以及全部示例代码。
以前我也提供过我的老版本框架的演示示例，我认为我已经考虑地相当周到了：
1. 没有IIS，没有VS，一样可以运行我的DEMO，因为我把FishAspnetLoader放进去了，调用的BAT文件也准备好了。
2. SQL SERVER如果支持【用户实例】模式，部署会容易。
3. 在数据方面，我不但提供了mdf文件，还提供了sql脚本。
4. 还准备了一些说明文件。
然而，事实却没有我想像那么好，还是有很多人给我发邮件，问我示例为什么不能运行。
不能运行的环境也是让我完全没有想到的：
1. 有人把它部署到了IIS6，扩展名的映射遇到问题。
2. 有人把它部署到了IIS7，可我没有提供对IIS7的配置！
3. 有人没有安装SQL SERVER。这个只能是没有办法了！
4. 有人不能完成示例程序所需的SQL SERVER配置。
5. 有人用VS2010打开项目并升级了.net版本，遇到一些说不清楚的问题。
吸取前面的教训后，这次我的示例采用XML文件做为数据源，而且增加了IIS7的配置。
不过，有一点我不能替您设置的是XML文件的写入权限。
如果数据不能保存，请检查目录的写入权限，此时程序没有任何提示。
再补充二点：
1. 如果您使用VS2010打开示例项目，请不要选择升级.net版本，不要盲目点击确定。
2. 如果在IIS中部署示例网站遇到问题，那么建议使用VS运行示例网站。
如果您还有配置ASP.NET应用程序的问题，那么请关注我的后续博客。
下篇博客我打算谈一下在部署ASP.NET网站时，IIS6/7 以及SQL SERVER中必须知道的一些设置。
点击此处下载示例代码
注意：本文所介绍的框架还提供另外一个工具做为演示示例，
点击后面链接即可阅读。【用ASP.NET写个SQLSERVER的小工具】
如果，您认为阅读这篇博客让您有些收获，不妨点击一下右下角的【推荐】按钮。
如果，您希望更容易地发现我的新博客，不妨点击一下右下角的【关注 Fish Li】。
因为，我的写作热情也离不开您的肯定支持。
感谢您的阅读，如果您对我的博客所讲述的内容有兴趣，请继续关注我的后续博客，我是Fish Li 。
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